Climate change is rapidly reshaping nature. Many butterfly species are declining or disappearing from places where they once lived, which threatens pollination and other important ecosystem functions. In this project, I study how butterflies are coping with a warming climate by looking at changes in their body size and wing colour, traits that affect how they deal with heat. I will measure butterflies from museum collections from the last 100 years and combine this with modern field sampling and long-term monitoring across Europe, including Finland. By comparing past and present butterflies, I will see whether these trait changes help species survive in warmer conditions and identify regions where biodiversity is most at risk. The results will provide new knowledge for protecting nature in a rapidly changing world.

2026

2030