This project develops safer, low-energy, light-based approaches to create 3D bioscaffold that mimic the biological microenvironment and drug-loaded implant. Traditional light-based 3D printing often uses harsh UV or blue light, which penetrates shallow layers and can damage delicate biomaterials. By using red or near-infrared light, we gain deeper penetration without harming materials or cells. However, red/NIR light alone lacks the energy needed for the required photocleavage of photoinitiators. To overcome this, we will use special molecules and nanoparticles that either convert low-energy red/NIR light into higher-energy light or produce reactive substances through chemical reactions. These approaches enable the printing of complex, detailed structures with fewer harmful effects. If successful, this research will advance high-resolution 3D printing for tissue engineering, drug delivery, and other biomedical applications, improving patient outcomes and driving healthcare innovation.

2026

2030