Sulfamethoxazole removal from wastewater via anoxic/oxic moving bed biofilm reactor: Degradation pathways and toxicity assessment
Year of publication
2023
Authors
Saidulu Duduku; Agrawal Shivangi; Bhatnagar Amit; Gupta Ashok Kumar
Abstract
The effects of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), an antibiotic commonly detected in the water environment, on the performance of a single staged anoxic/oxic moving bed biofilm reactor (A/O MBBR), was investigated. The anoxic zone played a key role in the removal of SMZ with a percentage of contribution accounting for around 85% in the overall removal. Denitrifying heterotrophic microbes present in the anoxic zone showed relatively more resistance to higher SMZ loads. It was found that in extracellular polymeric substances, protein content was increased consistently with the increase in SMZ concentration. Based on the detected biotransformation products, four degradation pathways were proposed and the toxicity was evaluated. Metagenomic analysis revealed that at higher SMZ load the activity of genera, such as Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria was significantly affected. In summary, proper design and operation of staged A/O MBBR can offer a resilient and robust treatment towards SMZ removal from wastewater.
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Publication type
Publication format
Article
Parent publication type
Journal
Article type
Original article
Audience
ScientificPeer-reviewed
Peer-ReviewedMINEDU's publication type classification code
A1 Journal article (refereed), original researchPublication channel information
Open access
Open access in the publisher’s service
No
Self-archived
No
Other information
Fields of science
Environmental engineering
Keywords
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Internationality of the publisher
International
International co-publication
Yes
Co-publication with a company
Unknown
DOI
10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129998
The publication is included in the Ministry of Education and Culture’s Publication data collection
Yes