2024

Rud, M.; Moseev, D.; Jaulmes, F.; Bogar, K.; Dong, Y.; Hansen, P. C.; Eriksson, J.; Järleblad, H.; Nocente, M.; Prechel, G.; Reman, B. C.G.; Schmidt, B.; Snicker, Antti; Stagner, L.; Valentini, A.; Salewski, M.

<p>Tomographic reconstructions of a 3D fast-ion constants-of-motion phase-space distribution function are computed by inverting synthetic signals based on projected velocities of the fast ions along the diagnostic lines of sight. A spectrum of projected velocities is a key element of the spectrum formation in fast-ion D-alpha spectroscopy, collective Thomson scattering, and gamma-ray and neutron emission spectroscopy, and it can hence serve as a proxy for any of these. The fast-ion distribution functions are parameterised by three constants of motion, the kinetic energy, the magnetic moment and the toroidal canonical angular momentum. The reconstructions are computed using both zeroth-order and first-order Tikhonov regularisation expressed in terms of Bayesian inference to allow uncertainty quantification. In addition to this, a discontinuity appears to be present in the solution across the trapped-passing boundary surface in the three-dimensional phase space due to a singularity in the Jacobian of the transformation from position and velocity space to phase space. A method to allow for this apparent discontinuity while simultaneously penalising large gradients in the solution is demonstrated. Finally, we use our new methods to optimise the diagnostic performance of a set of six fans of sightlines by finding where the detectors contribute most complementary diagnostic information for the future COMPASS-Upgrade tokamak.</p>