2020

Siltaoja, Marjo; Egri, Carolyn P.; Furrer, Olivier; Haapanen, Mika; Alas, Ruth; Sinding, Knud

This chapter identifies configurations of CR programs associated with high environmental responsibility. The approach elaborates how institutional fields, particularly regulative and stakeholder pressures, and firms’ CR orientations (employee, community, and consumer CR) influence firms to adopt high environmental CR. We present a sample of 573 firms in four European Union (EU) countries: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, and Latvia. The chapter identifies CR program configurations associated with high environmental performance and how this can vary across societal contexts. This chapter contributes to the existing literatures on corporate responsibility and business legitimacy as well as provides insights on environmental strategies adopted by firms.