Suitability of different methods for measuring black carbon emissions from marine engines
Year of publication
2022
Authors
Aakko-Saksa, Päivi; Kuittinen, Niina; Murtonen, Timo; Koponen, Päivi; Aurela, Minna; Järvinen, Anssi; Teinilä, Kimmo; Saarikoski, Sanna; Barreira, Luis M. F.; Salo, Laura; Karjalainen, Panu; Ortega, Ismael K.; Delhaye, David; Lehtoranta, Kati; Vesala, Hannu; Jalava, Pasi; Rönkkö, Topi; Timonen, Hilkka
Show moreAbstract
Black carbon (BC) emissions intensify global warming and are linked to adverse health effects. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) considers the impact of BC emissions from international shipping. A prerequisite for the anticipated limits to BC emissions from marine engines is a reliable measurement method. The three candidate methods (photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), laser-induced incandescence (LII), and filter smoke number (FSN)) selected by the IMO were evaluated with extensive ship exhaust matrices obtained by different fuels, engines, and emission control devices. A few instruments targeted for atmospheric measurements were included as well. The BC concentrations were close to each other with the smoke meters (AVL 415S and 415SE), PAS (AVL MSS), LII (Artium-300), MAAP 5012, aethalometers (Magee AE-33 and AE-42), and EC (TOA). In most cases, the standard deviation between instruments was in the range of 5–15% at BC concentrations below 30 mg Sm−3. Some differences in the BC concentrations measured with these instruments were potentially related to the ratio of light-absorbing compounds to sulphates or to particle sizes and morphologies. In addition, calibrations, sampling, and correction of thermophoretic loss of BC explained differences in the BC results. However, overall differences in the BC results obtained with three candidate methods selected by the IMO were low despite challenging exhaust compositions from marine diesel engines. Findings will inform decision making on BC emission control from marine engines.
Show moreOrganizations and authors
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
Järvinen Anssi
Vesala Hannu
Koponen Päivi
Murtonen Timo
University of Eastern Finland
Jalava Pasi Ilari
Publication type
Publication format
Article
Parent publication type
Journal
Article type
Original article
Audience
ScientificPeer-reviewed
Peer-ReviewedMINEDU's publication type classification code
A1 Journal article (refereed), original researchPublication channel information
Journal
Volume
13
Issue
1
Article number
31
ISSN
Publication forum
Publication forum level
1
Open access
Open access in the publisher’s service
Yes
Open access of publication channel
Fully open publication channel
License of the publisher’s version
CC BY
Self-archived
Yes
Article processing fee (EUR)
1460
Other information
Fields of science
Physical sciences; Environmental engineering; Environmental sciences
Keywords
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Internationality of the publisher
International
Language
English
International co-publication
Yes
Co-publication with a company
No
DOI
10.3390/atmos13010031
The publication is included in the Ministry of Education and Culture’s Publication data collection
Yes